健康管理对高危哮喘儿童家庭单元治疗依从性作用及肺功能指标的影响

目的 分析健康管理对提高以家庭为单位的高危哮喘儿童病情控制及肺功能指标的改善作用,为儿童哮喘防治提供新的思路。方法 选取2014年1月－2016年5月在山东省立医院就诊的93例高危哮喘儿童并随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组给予常规临床治疗加全程健康管理和定期随访;对照组只给予常规临床治疗,未贯穿健康管理,嘱定期随访。结果 实验组患儿的病情控制及各项肺功能指标较之于对照组有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 加强高危哮喘儿童的家庭单元的防控意识,进行系统、持续的健康管理,定期随访和监测,能明显减少患儿病情发作,提高治疗依从性。     

Constrained empirical-likelihood confidence regions in nonignorable covariate-missing data problems

Missing covariates in regression analysis are a pervasive problem in medical, social, and economic researches. We study empirical-likelihood confidence regions for unconstrained and constrained regression parameters in a nonignorable covariate-missing data problem. For an assumed conditional mean regression model, we assume that some covariates are fully observed but other covariates are missing for some subjects. By exploitation of a probability model of missingness and a working conditional score model from a semiparametric perspective, we build a system of unbiased estimating equations, where the number of equations exceeds the number of unknown parameters. Based on the proposed estimating equations, we introduce unconstrained and constrained empirical-likelihood ratio statistics to construct empirical-likelihood confidence regions for the underlying regression parameters without and with constraints. We establish the asymptotic distributions of the proposed empirical-likelihood ratio statistics. Simulation results show that the proposed empirical-likelihood methods have a better finite-sample performance than other competitors in terms of coverage probability and interval length. Finally, we apply the proposed empirical-likelihood methods to the analysis of a data set from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.     

Echocardiographic assessment at rest and during stress in patients with intermittent claudication

Objective. Skeletal muscle perfusion during walking relies on complex interactions between cardiac activity and vascular control mechanisms, why cardiac dysfunction may contribute to intermittent claudication (IC) symptoms. The study aims were to describe cardiac function at rest and during stress in consecutive IC patients, to explore the relations between cardiac function parameters and treadmill performance, and to test the hypothesis that clinically silent myocardial ischemia during stress may contribute to IC limb symptomatology. Design. Patients with mild to severe IC (n?=?111, mean age 67 y, 52% females, mean treadmill distance 195 m) underwent standard echocardiography, dobutamine stress echocardiography (SE) and treadmill testing. The patient cohort was separated in two groups based on treadmill performance (HIGH and LOW performance). Results. Ten patients (9%) had regional wall motion abnormalities of which three had left ventricular ejection fraction <50% at standard echocardiography. A majority had lower than expected systolic- and diastolic ventricular volumes. LOW performers had smaller diastolic left ventricular volumes and lower global peak systolic velocity during dobutamine stress. No patient demonstrated significant cardiac dysfunction during dobutamine provocation that was not also evident at standard echocardiography. Conclusions. Most IC patients were without signs of ischemic heart disease or cardiac failure. The majority had small left ventricular volumes. The hypothesis that clinically silent myocardial ischemia impairing left ventricular function during stress may contribute to IC limb symptomatology was not supported.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01219842.     

膝关节镜术后结合活血祛瘀汤内服对膝关节炎患者骨代谢指标及炎性指标的影响

目的:研究膝关节镜术后结合活血祛瘀汤内服对膝关节炎患者骨代谢指标及炎性指标的影响。方法:选取2013年6月至2016年5月抚顺市中医院骨科住院部收治的进行关节镜清理术的膝骨关节炎患者68例进行回顾性分析,按照术后治疗方法的不同分为观察组和对照组,每组34例。观察组内服活血祛瘀汤(58膝),对照组行单纯关节镜清理术(62膝)。将2组患者术后6个月随访疗效结果进行比较。结果:6个月治疗结束后,观察组总有效率81. 02%,显著高于对照组的48. 55%,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05),观察组治疗后夜间卧床休息时疼痛、晨僵或起床后疼痛加重、绞锁、肿胀以及跛行优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。观察组治疗后TNF-α、IL-6改善显著,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05),观察组与对照组治疗后COMP、CTX-Ⅱ、CTX-Ⅰ、MMP-3治疗后效果显著,且观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论:活血祛瘀汤可明显降低膝关节术后患者炎性反应递质水平,患者COMP,CTX-Ⅱ,CTX-Ⅰ和MMP-3指标亦有显著改善,患者综合治疗疗效优于患者单纯使用关节镜下清理术疗效。     

甲状腺功能减退与子宫内膜癌的相关性分析

 目的 探讨甲状腺功能减退与子宫内膜癌（EC）的关系及EC患者癌组织分化程度和雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）的表达与甲状腺功能之间的关系。方法 选取2015年1月—2018年7月我院收治的EC患者113例，同时随机选取年龄与EC组相匹配的此段时间内我院健康体检的妇女156例作为对照组，检测血清促甲状腺激素（TSH）、甲状腺激素（FT4）。比较两组间甲状腺功能减退的患病率，并利用免疫组织化学法测定EC患者手术切除标本的癌组织中ER、PR的表达，分析EC患者癌组织分化程度及癌组织中ER、PR的表达与甲状腺功能之间的相关性。结果 EC组甲状腺功能减退的患病率较对照组高（P<0.000）。低分化EC患者的TSH高于中分化EC患者（P=0.025）。EC手术切除标本的癌组织中ER、PR阳性与阴性患者的TSH、FT4差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 甲状腺功能减退与EC具有相关性。     

Efeitos de tramadol,magnésio e cetamina por via intra‐articular sobre a dor pós‐operatória em meniscectomia artroscópica

Objective

Postoperative pain control is important in terms of early recovery and rehabilitation in arthroscopic meniscectomy. For this purpose, we aimed to compare the effects of intraarticular tramadol, magnesium, and ketamine with combinations of pericapsular bupivacaine on postoperative pain and recovery in arthroscopic meniscectomy.